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Here are the key components:

1. Fire Alarm Control Panel (FACP)

• The central unit that monitors all connected devices.

• Displays zone-specific alarms to help locate the fire source.

• Provides control functions like silencing alarms and resetting the system.

2. Smoke Detectors

• Detect smoke particles in the air and trigger an alarm.

• Types: Optical (photoelectric) and Ionization smoke detectors.

3. Heat Detectors

• Sense temperature changes to detect fire.

• Types: Fixed temperature and rate-of-rise heat detectors.

4. Manual Call Points (Break Glass Units)

• Allow occupants to manually trigger the alarm by breaking the glass.

• Installed in accessible locations for quick emergency activation.

5. Sounders and Sirens

• Emit loud alarm sounds to notify occupants of fire hazards.

• May include voice evacuation messages.

6. Flashing Beacons (Strobes)

• Provide visual alerts for fire emergencies, especially in noisy environments.

7. Fire Alarm Cables

• Fire-resistant cables that connect all components to the control panel.

8. Power Supply and Batteries

• Provide backup power in case of main power failure.

Advantages of Conventional Fire Alarm Systems:
✔ Cost-effective for small and medium-sized buildings.
✔ Easy to install and maintain.
✔ Suitable for areas where zoning is enough to identify fire locations.